trent: yes, Google definitely has a particular procedure for removing cached content.
mgbennett: in your particular case (i.e. being hosted on wordpress.com where caching of your own webpages by the search engines via META tags was out of you control even when you had your blog alive yet, due to missing five lines of necessary code) all you could do now (had you not removed your blog) is just to update content of cached webpages (while preserving exactly the same URLs); so that next time when GoogleBot crawl those webpages in question it would have a reason to replace cached snapshots with the new version.
of course, you need to bring your blog back for that in the first place, and that's the point where wordpress.com staff could really help you out; it's a matter of pushing just one button and costs nothing.
so staff can do on this one for you, but whether they'd be willing to is beyond of our knowledge -- submit a feedback request and post back here please in any result on this particular purpose.